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Do you speak Latin? If the answer is no, you may have trouble with some Latin abbreviations, such as i.eastward., e.g., or et al. Allow's focus on one of these: et al. Yous may accept seen information technology, simply it's time to observe out what et al. ways and how to use it.

Et al. is an abbreviation for et alia (neuter plural). But it can likewise be an abbreviation for et alii (masculine plural), or et aliae (feminine plural). This phrase means "and others." Most commonly, et al. indicates other contributors (authors, editors, etc.) in a bibliographic list, such every bit "Feynman, Hawking, Sagan, et al." There should always exist a period after et al. to show it is an abridgement.

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Imagine that yous and a group of friends make up one's mind to publish some anecdotes from your about recent trip to Las Vegas. If yous accept x members in your travel lodge, you can imagine that listing all of them on the cover of a book might look a piffling cluttered. To avoid a lengthy list, you can use the abbreviation et al. afterwards the first name. Et al. indicates that two or more than other authors collaborated in the work. Are there synonyms of et al.? Aye. According to The Cambridge Dictionary, also, extra, and in addition are synonyms with similar meanings to et al.

How to Use Et Al.

Why is in that location a period later the "al" of "et al.?" Remember, al. is curt for alia and its various forms. The menstruum indicates that it is an abbreviation. On the other hand, et is the full form of the Latin word meaning "and," so no catamenia is necessary after that discussion. Despite its Latin origins, you don't need italics when et al. is part of a list. After all, information technology has been a office of the English language since the 1800s.

What about et al. in a sentence? How practise you punctuate information technology? Just write the sentence equally you normally would. Besides the catamenia, et al. doesn't require any special punctuation. However, if you lot are writing a term paper, there are some usage rules you should know for in-text citations. Permit's consult the APA Mode Blog:

• Don't use et al. unless there are more than two authors.
• For references with 3 to five authors, list all the authors in the starting time citation of the work, simply abbreviate using the name of the first author and et al. for whatever additional citations of the same work.
• For references with more than than vi authors, cite using the first writer'due south name plus et al. for all of the in-text citations.

Et Al. vs. Etc.—What's the Difference?

What's the difference between et al. and etc.? Whereas etc. refers to a list of things, et al. refers to a list of people. Etc. is common in formal and informal writing. You volition nearly often see et al. in bibliographic lists.

Etc. is brusque for "et cetera," which is a Latin phrase that means "and the rest." Use etc. when you're writing a list of things:

Et Al. Examples

When people cite the work of y'all and your friends, they would probable use et al., especially in formal writing such as term papers and on works cited pages. Here are 2 examples, one in-text mention of a publication and some other from a works cited folio:

In the first case, the author uses parenthetical notations to refer to materials that he used equally references. His first resource was a research study published by seven contributors. Rather than list everyone, he credits his source past using the name of the main investigator, James S. Coleman. The 2nd et al. example shows how a publication with multiple editors would appear in a bibliography.

Et Alibi—The Other Et Al.

Et al. is also short for a less often used Latin phrase, et excuse. Can you estimate the meaning of et alibi? An alibi is a piece of bear witness that shows a suspect of a criminal offense was elsewhere when the criminal offense happened. So, it's not hard to remember that et alibi means "and elsewhere." Mainly, et excuse refers to other locations that volition not appear in a listing. Consider the following example from a Greek grammar guide by William Trollope. He uses et alibi to signal that the Greek phrase under consideration appears not but in the 6th chapter of Marking but also in other locations of the Bible.

Isn't it great news that you and your friends can publish tales of your vacation together without filling the cover with a comprehensive list of names? You tin employ et al. to acknowledge numerous authors. And if you begin talking virtually unlike locations, the listing of casinos and hotels need not exist exhaustive. You can besides let your readers know about the being of other places with et al. And then again, do y'all really want to let the world know what happened in Las Vegas?

Source: https://www.grammarly.com/blog/et-al/

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